In vitro bioaccessibility, phase partitioning, and health risk of potentially toxic elements in dust of an iron mining and industrial complex

Dust emitted from mining, ore processing, and tailing dumps have direct effects on miners who work close to these operations. The Gol-E-Gohar (GEG) mining industrial company is one of the most important iron concentrate producers in Middle East. objective present study was estimate distribution, fractionation, oral bioaccessibility potentially toxic elements (PTEs) dust generated by GEG company. Total PTE content including Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, V, Zn quantified for suspended particulate matter (PM) PM2.5, PM10, total (TSP). Pb were fallout samples using vitro Unified BARGE (UBM) Method modified BCR fractionation analysis. Enrichment factors (EF) calculated studied PM; As found be extremely enriched. Oral selected PTEs ranged 0.35% 41.55% 0.06–37.58% gastric intestinal phases, respectively. Regression modeling revealed that bioaccessibilities could mostly explained concentrations particles. Average daily intake (ADI) calculations did not exceed tolerable (TDI) values as such considered a significant risk workers. Additionally, hazard quotients (HQ) carcinogenic (CR) lower than acceptable level. This can provide further assessment management pollution occupational environments.